HELP 4 EVERY PARENT

www.help4everyparent.com

Click on the heading to go straight to the article you want

Kids in the news – Bullying

On the very day that I heard about the school initiative to teach optimism at school, a disturbing report about bullying made headlines in our newspapers. A young man of 18 has won a large compensation payment because the teachers at his school failed in their duty of care when he was a small boy. A photo of him as a six year old when bullying began, shows him as a smiling, delightful child. Despite the fact that his mother reported bullying incidents that included breaking his teeth, whipping him with a branch and trying to strangle him until he fell unconscious, teachers took no action. The mother was told that “bullying builds character.”  It may have built character in the bully – bullying characteristics. For the victim it made school a scary place and other kids nasty, untrustworthy people. He left school in year 7 because he had no friends and was unable to cope. The judge deemed that he is so psychologically damaged that he will never be able to work, or have a meaningful relationship. He has been awarded weekly payments for life.

This case has big implications for the education department and teachers everywhere. An apology has been made by the education department to the victim, but there are questions that will worry parents. 

  • Where are those uncaring teachers working now?

  • What has happened to the boy who carried out the worst cases of bullying?

  • Why was nothing done to change his behaviour at the time?

  • What should parents do when their child is bullied?

  • Is there a difference between bullying and teasing?

On the right-hand side of the home page of my e-zine, you will see a link to articles on bullying, written by experts Wendy Nichols and Robyn Collins. There is a link from their three articles to their E-book. It helps parents take appropriate action when they think their child is being bullied. Read the articles today.

__________________________________________________________________________

Radios and Mind Pictures

Radio listening is an activity I really enjoy. I listen as I prepare food or wash the dishes; I listen as I drive to town; I listen while I’m dusting and sweeping. I hear interesting snippets of information to follow up when I have time, and sometimes I’m lucky enough to hear whole programs. I enjoy TV too, particularly current affairs and documentaries but with radio one can let the imagination run. The mind isn’t constrained by the images on a screen.

I caught an interesting radio interview at the weekend with lots of scope for mind pictures. A man was being interviewed about his house, why he chose this house, what he’d done to it since buying it and what plans he had for it in the future. He took the interviewer up and down stairs as they talked and out into the garden. The house, built in the 1880’s is in London and had been in a state of dilapidation when purchased, with leaky roof, missing floor boards and mouldy walls but great potential. I could picture it having lived for a couple of months in a house built in 1702 that suffered from the same features. The 1880’s house is now a modern delight inside while retaining the original external character. What really fascinated me were the reasons the owner gave for choosing some of the décor. He began the project while a bachelor, but chose decorations and furnishings that would make an impact on the minds of his future children. A long-piled carpet he thought, would fascinate a baby crawling over its surface. The brightness of stainless steel door handles would attract small hands, the simple metal lamp stand with ornate pink shade, would symbolise both masculine and feminine partners in the home. He hoped this home would form a permanent part of his children’s childhood memories. He has a partner now and two children. The tour included sounds of children in the background and references to his son’s dinky bike that is constantly in use as the child rides from room to room. The owner sees the home as one that will always grow and change. This man has put a lot of thought into making a home for a family but outdoors was a different story. The very small garden is all concreted over. The feature is a textured wall with some bamboo against it, and one tree in a pot. London gardens are often small and the weather often bad, but I have no doubt that Bev Boorer, who writes for this e-zine each month, could transform that small space into a child’s delight and add gardening activities for the child too.

If you live in a flat or unit, take a look at your back yard. Is it barren or is at a welcoming space alive with colour and greenery? Do you encourage your child to be part of the gardening team?

__________________________________________________________________________

Positive Psychology

Have you read the poem Said Hanrahan (PJ Hartigan)? It is an old poem but it is also in a 1999 book of verse for kids, Waltzing Matilda Meets Lazy Jack. Whatever the circumstance, poor Hanrahan thought everyone was doomed. Kids laugh when they hear it. My Mother used to recite a similar poem about people who kept telling a man, “My word you do look ill”. He felt worse and worse until at the end of the poem, he met someone who told him how fine and well he looked. His step brightened and suddenly his day was turned around. Negative psychology has an unfortunate effect on everyone. If we tell our children they are bad, or hopeless or unhappy, they begin to believe it. The more they hear it, the faster they become hopeless and bad and sad. Positive psychology works too. If we tell someone they are doing well, they respond well.  I was interested to hear that Geelong Grammar School in Victoria, is planning ways to teach students to have an optimistic outlook on life.

The program will be developed over a period of time with the staff having special training next January. The program will use the strengths that children have, such as kindness, a sense of fairness, generosity, as well as using their interests. The program will be incorporated into each area of the curriculum. Sporting facilities combined with medical facilities will continue to be used to help children maintain physical well being and to overcome stress that is very much a part of life for young people today. I look forward to hearing more about it.

It is easy to overlook a child’s strengths especially as parents have very different agendas from their children. Children are egocentric and before the sage of seven will act to satisfy their own needs and feelings rather than taking other people’s wishes and feeling into account. It is important, however that we tell children how others are feeling and encourage positive interactions with others. A friend tells me that she encourages her twelve year old son to do something unasked for every day.  It might be helping a younger child at school or giving up his seat in a bus, or going a message for a neighbour. What a good idea for adults to follow too.

It is up to us to help our children develop kindness skills. If we have a positive outlook on life and look for positive ways to solve problems, our children will have good role models to follow.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Keeping in touch with grandparents

It is wonderful to live near grandchildren so one can see them develop and be part of their lives. It is especially wonderful to watch a grandchild grow from babyhood to adult. My Mother was able to do this with my children and my brother’s children but my sister lived overseas. Despite living in a village with no telephones, no postal service, and no modern transport, my sister wrote almost weekly to our Mother - long detailed letters full of the activities and sayings of the children. Whenever possible she sent a batch of drawings that the children had done especially for their grandmother. Every few years Mum had saved enough to enable her to visit them and would bring back photos and mementos that took their place beside all the little things her Australian grandchildren had made for her. Every week my Mother also wrote to my sister. At birthdays and special times, individual letters went to the four children. As a result, she knew them well. The children knew their grandmother well too and their cousins, because Mum told them news of our families here.

These days communication is so much easier. My extended family is scattered far and wide both within Australia and across the world but it is important for each branch to keep in touch.We use telephone, email and letters, as well as dropping in to visit those in the same town.

I think of the early settlers who came across the world to live here. Many never had contact with their families again. And if they did, it was many months before a ship brought letters sometimes with tragic news.  My forebears came from the UK and my husbands from the US. As far as we know they settled in Australia to make a better life for themselves and their families but they were unable in keep in touch with their roots.

Grandparents have an important role in the lives of their grandchildren. They can provide love, understanding, and support in many ways that does not involve money. They often support busy working parents by

  • collecting or minding children after school

  • providing ears willing to listen to problems

  • encouraging children with endeavours

  • reading  or telling stories

  • talking about childhood in a different time

  • teaching different skills

  • taking children on holidays

Both the children and the grandparents miss out on something special if they are denied a relationship. The Family Law Court recognises this and can arrange access for grandparents where divorce has separated the family

Do you involve your children in their grandparent’s lives?

______________________________________________________________________________________

Absent family members are important

Family members can be scattered far and wide temporarily or permanently. In today’s world, business people may have overseas jobs for months at a time such as

  • training people in third world countries

  • setting up projects

  • researching technologies

  • serving as a scientist in the Antarctic

  • serving in the army

  • helping out after overseas disasters.

There are also families divided because of migration or divorce. Even though parents may live in the same town, regular contact between children and other family members may be difficult or infrequent. Extended family is also often scattered. These absent people should still be part of a child’s life. What can parents do to include them?

Suggestions are:

  • encourage the child to draw or paint pictures that can be sent or given to an absent one

  • cut out and paste colours to make a design

  • make clay or dough figures

  • send or email photos and videos of the child involved in activities e.g. building with blocks, using toys, visiting favourite places and doing routine things

  • make a book of pictures of the child’s day to give

  • note down cute and funny sayings the child makes

  • let the child listen and speak on the phone regularly

  • tell the child stories about grand parents, aunties etc.

  • keep children up to date with news when you hear it

As soon as a child can grasp a crayon and make marks on paper, they can make a card or a small picture for those they know and love. Help your child to do something for an absent family member today.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kids in the news – Sexual abuse

Australia has been shocked by a report that details sexual abuse in Indigenous communities, especially in the Northern Territory.  The Prime Minister proposed unprecedented government action to start within days. The form that action will take is stirring up a great deal of controversy. Every one agrees there must be action but Indigenous people should have been consulted and be part of the planning and the action itself. It is essential that the Elders in communities are consulted, informed and respected. This has not been done as the Prime Minister called a press conference to announce the measures. Many people are in shock.

Mick Dodson, an Indigenous leader of National importance, made a speech in 2003 at a national conference about the same matters and called for urgent action. The government did nothing and in fact funding to significant programs was cut. Now, two days after the release of this new report, the Prime minister has announced a ‘state of emergency’. What is the difference now? Why was Mick Dodson’s report ignored? Many people are sceptical. It is now only a few months till the national elections.

Already troops and police are on their way to the 60 communities to implement the regulations.

  • Every Indigenous child in the Territory will be examined for sexual abuse

  • welfare payments will be cut if children miss school without permission

  • alcohol will be prohibited

  • non -indigenous people will no longer need permission to enter Indigenous lands

  • pornography will be banned in Indigenous communities.

Problems in Indigenous communities are related to many things especially poverty, poor health, low employment, poor education standards, low self esteem, geographical isolation and drug and alcohol abuse. These factors are themselves inter-related and have been the result of government inaction and inappropriate.

At first glance government tools seem warranted, though severe. However: implementation will be difficult.  Police often have poor relations with Indigenous people. There are rumours that women have already fled to the desert in fear. No one wants human rights to be violated and it is often non-indigenous people who have carried out the abuse.

How would the majority of parents in the rest of society tolerate the mandatory inspection of their children for sexual abuse? Many Indigenous people will fear that a new situation similar to  The Stolen Generations could begin again.

A different report has also just been released but has received no attention in the media. It is called 'Success Stories in Indigenous Health'. You can find it at http://www.antar.org.au/success)

It is worth spending some time on the site to read about how the community at Yuendumu turned around the petrol sniffing problem and began a youth success program. Health services with trained Indigenous workers in other communities are also working well where funding has been adequate. There is an urgent need for

  • more trained Indigenous workers for most communities

  • doctors in communities that have no doctor

  • mobile health services

  • drug and alcohol counselling programs

  • nutrition services and programs to teach good nutrition

  • partnerships with law enforcement services

  • school improvements, including transport so kids can get to school

If government does not support, fund, encourage and implement these positive services, serious problems will escalate. We haven’t heard anything about long term government program plans. The Prime Minister often criticises other parties for what he calls ‘knee jerk reactions’. It seems that he is the one doing it this time.

 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Organised time and free time

I have been reading about the amount of organization in children’s lives nowadays and the desirability of kids to have free time. The fact that small kids go to day care was mentioned, and I understood that the writer felt that child care is organized time. I cannot agree. All good day care programs let children play freely for most of the day. There are routines such as toileting, snacks, meals, story and music time, but it is a fact that children, even babies, thrive on routines like those I mention. They like to have predictable elements in their day. In a Child Care situation, more thought goes into planning the environment and providing stimulating, fun activities, than in most normal homes. It is extremely rare for children in childcare to look or feel bored. There is always something they can do, look at, listen to or talk about. They can play alone or with their peers. Children are not pressured to learn or achieve goals. The staff is not concentrating on teaching the children all day, any more than parents are teaching their children. Teaching and learning are natural part a of the play activities provided.

I do agree that some children have their lives organized to the ninth degree, however. This seems to happen when children are old enough to take after school classes. Often it is the children who pressure parents to be allowed to play in after school teams, and join hobby groups. There are many different types of activities available and can be a great way for children to develop responsibility, a positive attitude to life and social and life skills. Kids can choose from groups such as

  • guides, scouts

  • music, dance, art, drama

  • swimming, athletics, martial arts and more.

Parents often restrict these activities because of the cost involved but the number of commitments should also be considered. It is better to do a couple of activities in some depth than flit from one hobby to another. The physical and mental affect on the child should also be taken into account.

Having a number of commitments is good for teenage kids. When they have lots of unstructured time on their hands, they look for fun ways to avoid boredom. One only has to read the paper or listen to the news to hear of teens in trouble in cars, with drugs, bullying, break and enter and vandalism. Part time jobs are good for the older age group also. At work kids gain experience, develop responsible attitudes, and increase their knowledge about finances.

Too much time and not enough suitable activities are just as bad as too little free time. Finding the balance should be a joint decision between parents and children.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Babysitters

Occasionally we hear in the news of a babysitter who has been a disaster for a family. In the worst cases a baby or toddler has been injured, abducted or murdered. One cannot be too careful when finding someone to care for our children.

When I was at school, some of the girls in my class had regular babysitting jobs, and it was a recognized way to earn some money. I am sure that teenagers still earn money in this way but most parents are now aware of the kind of things that can go wrong and want quite a lot of information before they will feel they can trust a babysitter. Trust is essential and only someone you feel is fully responsible, can be trusted with your child or children.

If you do not know the person who will babysit, or their family, make sure you get references and follow up on these. Reading a reference isn’t enough, you want to get feedback from someone you trust who has used this babysitter.

Here are some hints.

  • have the sitter over for a trial run while you are there so you can see him/her interacting with your child. Talk together so you get to know something of the sitter's likes and dislikes and personality.

  • watch to see that the child is handled capably for the child's age and stage of development

  • judge whether the sitter is patient

  • does he/she know the basics of child development or hold a certificate?

  • does the sitter know where you are going and what to do in an emergency?

  • write down procedures and get the sitter to read them and ask questions about anything that is unclear

  • write your contact details clearly

  • explain the child’s routine such as when to sleep, and eat, what food to offer

  • find out what the sitter intends to do while you are away if the child is asleep

  • if someone rings up what is the sitter to say? Information should not be given out to strangers

  • some sitters spend all night on the phone or invite a friend or boyfriend over to share the responsibility or even chat for ages on the computer. Explain that this will not be acceptable.

  • outline safety procedures in writing as well as verbally

  • tell the babysitter how often to check on the child

  • ring up yourself to check that things are going well

  • insist that the sitter not leave the house and leave the child alone

  • no sitter should open the door to anyone while sitting

When you find a babysitter you trust, show the sitter consideration by coming home at the agreed time, paying well, making their time in the home agreeable and making the sitter feel safe and valued.  A regular babysitter is a valuable asset to a family.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Telling Stories to Children

Did you know that literacy really begins with listening to stories? Every parent tells stories to their baby without knowing it. Now that is clever. How is it done? As you bend over baby at routine times such as nappy changing, bath time and feeding time, you talk about his smile, his little toes, his kicking, his family etc. These are little stories. Baby concentrates on your face and responds by making sounds. Baby is watching and listening and these are the first steps to literacy. In the first year of life it is wonderful to introduce babies to books. They may be thick cardboard or fabric or even plastic. But keep on telling stories to baby too. Tell stories about what you are doing, describing actions and events. For example

            ‘Here goes Janara into the bath. Kick those little feet. Listen to the water, swish, swish.’

As baby grows into a toddler, tell stories about the day. ‘Today Janara went to the park. Janara climbed on the swing and it went up and down, up and down. We saw the ducks in the pond  too.’

A toddler’s toys are also fun to tell stories about. A story is a little game. Teddy can hide, go walking, go to sleep, jump, climb and fall down and be kissed better. Farm animals can make appropriate sounds, walk up hills, drink, dig holes, get frightened by loud noises and run away. The small stories are only limited by your imagination. Soon you’ll find that the toddler is telling you what will happen next. Memory is part of literacy too so your stories can help your child to remember what happened. Children like repetition so repeating a story is a good idea.

Nursery rhymes are a great source of stories too. Use toys to show Little Miss Muffet and the spider, or Jack and Jill getting a bucket of water. Add to the rhyme by telling what Jack and Jill’s Mum wanted the water for or what Miss Muffet’s Mum did about the spider.

Are you telling stories to your children? Are you stimulating their imaginations? Get started today. It is so much fun and will help your child develop language skills that lead to literacy. For more tips vist my special storytelling website at www.helenevans-storyteller.com

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Baby shaking

Shaking a baby can have dire consequences yet this is still not realised by many parents. Men are often the guilty ones. They know that it is unacceptsable to strike a baby but think that a shaking will not cause harm. However, one in five babies dies from a severe shaking and those who survive may have permanent brain damage caused by the brain moving around inside the skull. So far this year in Sydney alone every week more than two cases of injury in which shaking was suspected, have been reported to authorities by hospitals.

Shaking is usually the result of frustration when a baby cries constantly or for prolonged periods. Parents, carers and babysitters can become frustrated especially when tired or stressed. There is help available. Baby Health centres, hospitals, DoCs, Nursing Mothers’ Association, Lifeline, doctors, and pharmacies will all be able to put you in touch with someone who can help you. If you know someone who needs help, who is frustrated, tired, feeling helpless or hopeless, or angry, find out about local services and tell your friend.

Some hospitals are developing strategies to help, such as new parents viewing mandatory DVD’s before taking their baby home after birth. We still have a long way to go in educating men about baby and child care. There are never many young men who choose child care as a career and at school level little if anything is taught about it. Teenage girls are sometimes given dolls that cry to cope with, and must record what they did. The same thing would be advantageous for boys in a course about baby needs and stages of development. They are never too young to find out that babies always need tender, loving care and that shaking does not solve problems.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Personal spaces

Every person needs their own personal space. This space may be a place to keep treasured objects or a place to conduct a hobby where their interests won’t conflict with those of others in the family. It may just be a space in which one can go to be alone to think. Nowadays children, and especially teenagers, have their own bedrooms where they have a lot of control over how their room looks and what they can do in there. Arguments and general stress occur more if all the children are crowded together. Parents are more stressed if there is no quiet space away from the children. When my children were very young, it was rare for me to get any time away from them except in the bathroom and even then someone would frequently be knocking on the door to ask me for help or to tell me something important.

Thinking back to my own childhood, I was lucky because we had a tree in the backyard. I could climb high into the branches and stay there thinking, imagining, solving problems and looking at the beauties of nature while at the same time I was breathing in fresh air and getting exercise.  That tree was the most important space in my young life up until I was twelve years old. The plumber said it would have to come down then, because the sewerage was being connected and the roots would be bound to get into the pipes. I mourned the loss of the tree for years. At the end of that year, however, I was given a bike that partly took the tree’s place. When stressed, away I’d go on my bike, pedalling up hills as fast as I could, until my frustration or anger was exhausted. One of my jobs was to cut the wood for the chip bath-heater and the fire. I liked chopping the wood. I also found chopping wood was a good way to let off steam if I was feeling cross.

Children today still need spaces of their own and places and activities where they can deal with stress calmly. Cubby houses, tents, trees, bushes, a place in the shed are all potential spaces where a child can have time alone. Bikes, running, swimming, walking, hiking, gardening and libraries are good places for working off stress or for calming down too.

Remember to claim for yourself a quiet place too. One that doesn’t have to be shared with a partner however well you get on together.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sleep patterns

I was interested in news of a study that has been done on the amount of sleep parents of new babies get. On an average, a new mother gets only 3 ½ hours of sleep a night. Fathers also get very little.  The study is interesting to me because it not only looked at mothers today, but also mothers who had babies in the 1960’s when I had my babies. The study showed that parents back then had almost twice as much sleep as parents today. Why is that so? The reason seems to be the widespread use now of baby monitors. Parents feel their baby is safer, more unlikely to die of SIDS if the monitor is in the room. Mothers in particular develop the ability to sleep very lightly and wake if there is any disturbance or sound from baby and go to check. However, the good news is that modern fathers share the burden of getting up to attend to babies and to the other children in a family. My second child was very tiny and had cystic fibrosis that was not diagnosed till he was 10 months old. Until then, he was fed every three hours night and day. I’d never have managed if my husband had not been able to give a couple of the feeds every night.

All through my children’s early years, though, I was the one who woke when they called and I’d patter out to attend to them. The three children never woke at the same time of course, so I’d be up three times in the night. Luckily I always fell asleep immediately I got back to bed, but if they were sick, I’d be up and down most of the night and felt like a wet rag in the morning.

The survey also looked at the time taken to get a baby to sleep and they take 33 minutes to get to sleep now, compared with only 22 minutes back then. People now tend to nurse baby until he/she is asleep while before, baby was popped into the cot and left alone to settle. I guess parents just have to adjust to being constantly tired.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Stress

Stress has been in the news again because students in year 12 have begun their final school exams. However it is not only those young people who suffer from stress. A study has shown that children in years one, two and three often feel stressed. For these younger children, stress is usually about social issues rather than academic tests.

Stress might occur because the child

  • is excluded from a play group

  • is not invited to a party

  • is not chosen in a team

  • is tired

  • has misunderstood instructions

  • doesn’t have the right clothes or gear

  • feels that another sibling or a parent is unfair

  • has been ill and missed work at school

  • has been spoken to sharply

  • for some reason feels unloved.

The study showed that 40% of students worry too much, while a third get very nervous or depressed.

A depressed child may

  •  not eat well

  • lose weight

  • sleep poorly

  • wet the bed

  • lose his/her temper easily

  • lose interest in activities that have previously been enjoyed

  • get into fights

  • do poorly at school

  • withdraw from playing with others

Children need support in social and emotional development both at school and at home. These aspects should be included in all areas of learning. Healthy food, exercise, regular communication and problem solving discussions, and mentoring in academic or other interests will help to keep stress levels low in any family.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Respecting one another

Many older citizens believe that today’s children show no respect for the older generation or for authority. Children of our modern age are

  • less constrained by formality

  • have more rights

  • have more money

  • are better informed about the world

  • expect to be listened to by parents, teachers and other leaders, as well as by their peers.

But what is meant by ‘showing respect’? Does it mean unconditional obedience? Does it mean giving up the right to hold a different opinion to one’s parents? Does it mean accepting direction without discussion or argument? Does it mean that people in authority should make all the rules regardless of the thoughts and feelings of children and other young people? My feeling is that this approach will only lead to trouble and in fact, disrespect.

Respect must be a mutual obligation and should be fostered within the family. Children need to respect their parents ideas and wishes, but adults need also to respect children. As children grow in confidence and independence, they form particular likes and dislikes. Their opinions are the result of many factors in their lives. Open discussions can reveal how your child’s mind is forming for example, why they do certain things and why they consider adults act unfairly at times. Consequences should be discussed. Try to discipline by choosing consequences that are appropriate for your child’s behaviour, but not too harsh. Children often accept a consequence or punishment better if they have helped to decide on it. Children of eight years can certainly do this.

Siblings also need to respect each other. It is natural for them to have disagreements,  especially as within a family children often have very different personalities. Learning to deal with these differences within a family with good humour and tolerance will help children to cope well in the wider community.

Treating family members with respect includes

  • speaking pleasantly to each other

  • asking before borrowing clothes and other items

  • helping with jobs when asked

  • treating each others friends nicely

  • not saying or doing things to tease

  • listening to each other

  • accepting that there are different points of view.

We should explain our reasons for rules, values and beliefs so our children will learn in turn to explain theirs and thus reduce generational differences and tensions.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sad events

Once again news reports have focused on sad, terrible things that have happened to children. The death or injury of a child is always sad but when it is the result of murder or neglect it seems even worse. What kind of desperation did a parent face that lead to the murder of a two year old boy? How did a seven year old girl starve to death? People naturally look for someone to blame as they think of actions that could have been taken to prevent these sad results. We are fortunate to have a designated government department to help children and families in crisis. Many countries don’t have such services. However, there is a gap between the reporting of a situation, assessment of the help needed, and implementation of help. Sometimes this gap is fatal. We all need to be watchful. It is better to be over conscientious in reporting problems to the authorities rather than wait and see if things improve. Department personnel need new procedures to follow that will close the gaps in the present system. It is reported that more than a hundred children die each year despite the fact that DOCS knows some details of the families involved. This is not acceptable.

Children should not be removed from their family unless they are at real risk of harm and this is no doubt difficult to determine. Older children pose different problems from the very young. There has been much criticism of the fact that a thirteen year old has been left to live alone without sufficient support following the death of her father. She evidently has not wanted to move. Cases such as this need individual assessment. Some thirteen year olds take on family responsibilities such as caring for siblings or parents with disabilities, such as multiple sclerosis. Children can do amazing things but need support, especially if their responsibility will be ongoing. Hopefully, this case will be resolved in a way that will allow the girl to make choices instead of having decisions thrust upon her.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Traditions

Every family, every school, even every organisation develops traditions. In out society, Christmas traditions have been all around us during December even if our family is not Christian. We have seen images that we all associate with Christmas in our towns and shops, in our schools, and on our TV stations.  It is interesting how family traditions grow and change. When I was a child, we didn’t have a Christmas tree, but we decorated the room with streamers that hung over the dining room table. There was always great excitement when the box containing the decorations came out of storage. On Christmas Eve we went to sleep with a pillowslip attached to the end of the bed, so that Santa would know where to leave the gifts.

On Christmas morning after the excitement of presents, we helped our Mother to make a boiled date pudding. Dinner was served in the middle of the day and consisted of baked vegetables and chicken, the latter usually provided by Mum’s cousin, a farmer. Chicken was a once-a-year treat. The first course was followed by the hot date pudding, custard and jelly. We had no refrigerator so ice cream was not available. After I married, my husband and I began new traditions while maintaining some of the old ones.

In our new tradition we always had a tree. Some of those original decorations are still used each year and presents go under the tree. My Mother-in-law made traditional plum pudding for us and delicious fruit salad and I keep up these traditions. Instead of baked vegetables, I prepare fried rice and gado-gado, (salad with peanut sauce). My daughter’s traditions are now established too. She includes mince pies and shortbread, borrowed from her interest in Germany and England. Her children enjoy Advent Calendars prior to Christmas. It will be interesting to see how the food in my son’s family will change as my daughter-in-law adjusts the traditions to include her Indian-Fijian background.

Of course there are many traditions associated with family life that have nothing to do with Christmas. Many people have holiday traditions, visiting the same places each year. Other traditions may relate to clothing, travelling, birthdays, games, sport, crafts, pets, music, religion, in fact any aspect of culture that is important to individuals and families. From birth we like routines as part of our security. As the New Year starts, it is a good time to reflect and think about the directions we intend to take in the coming year, and about the traditions that we value in our lives.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Informed Kids

At a time when people tend to think that traditional values have all but disappeared, I was interested to read that from a survey done by YouthSCAN of 600 young people, that the number of young people who smoke cigarettes or marijuana, has dropped. The number of teens who engage in sex before the age of 16 has also dropped. Members of the Youth Advisory Council say that young people are very aware of the dangers of drugs now and make informed decisions.

There is no doubt that informed kids can take better control of their lives than those who don’t know facts. Education is a key factor in empowering young people to say 'no' to risky behaviour. The information must be available at school, at home and in the community. Open discussions should be encouraged.

Linda Burney, NSW Minister for Youth, says that young people have more pressure on them than any other generation and she has been impressed with young people across the state.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Problems at school

Every child will run into problems at school at some time and need parental support. There is nothing worse for a parent than to feel their child is being picked on or is unfairly treated and this is particularly important when a child first starts school. Sometimes it is other children who bully or tease, sometimes it is the teacher who seems to be the cause of a child’s unhappiness.  It may even be the system itself. Children are so very different from each other and at school there are so many rules that every child must follow.

One of the biggest problems children have to face is that rules so often say DON’T. If the rules are put in positive terms children cope better. ‘Please walk on the cement,’ will have a higher rate of success amongst the children than ‘Don’t run on the cement.’

As well as rules, there are expectations. Children, parents and teachers are likely to have different goals from each other for the same children. At some schools, the main goal might be that a high percentage of students gain excellent academic results. At other schools sporting prowess is number one. These school goals should be considered when choosing a school for your child and if the children within one family have very different abilities, they may well thrive at different schools.

Bullying continues to be the worst problem for children. Parent advocacy doesn’t always work. Teachers don’t always see what is happening and bullies are cunning. Sometimes the bullying occurs after school and children who try to ignore it may become stressed or depressed. Going to school can become a nightmare. Always check that your child’s school has an anti-bullying policy. However, a policy is not any use if it isn’t continually being monitored. Principals sometimes continue to refuse to accept that bullying does take place in their school. Discuss options with your children so that they know what they can do.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Choices in child care

Politicians have been out in the community observing and researching our education needs for the twenty first century. I heard Maxine McKew speaking on radio about integrated programs she has seen in action in South Australia. She was impressed by the dedication of staff to programs designed to help young people develop parenting skills. Programs of early intervention to promote language and build confidence in parents and children who have missed out on opportunities, also impressed her.

I heard Deborah Brennan speaking about regulations affecting early childhood centres. She is a social policy researcher. Regulations vary from state to state, but currently in NSW centres, five babies need only one carer and that carer need not have qualifications. This is not good enough but the industry resisted the introduction of a change to five carers for four babies because of fear that increased costs would be too great. In 2000 when ABC Learning was floated on the Stock Exchange, there were a number of corporate centres but these have all been bought out by ABC so removing competition. Deborah Brennen feels that Government needs to look at this situation. Currently almost 50% of Australian centres are controlled by ABC Learning and in countries like the UK and USA only 2% is controlled in this way. Parents must be able to shop around. They like to have community centres that reflect the needs of the local population and the wishes of parents and this is lost when almost all centresare under the umbrella of one big corporation working for profit. Big is not always best for our kids.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Helping  kids with special needs

I subscribe to several newsletters for writers. Sometimes I just delete them because of lack of time. Yesterday I read the current issue of a newsletter that I hadn’t bothered with for some time. I discovered that the writer’s granddaughter has Williams Syndrome. The child’s story has recently appeared in some media stories in an effort to raise money so that this charming three year old can have a dog trained to detect and give prior warning of her massive and constant epileptic seizures. This will not only help the child but her whole family.

Media headlines are often about sensational events but TV and written print can make us aware of how we can each do some small thing to help others. If you are reading this, you are interested in the welfare of children. Here is a link to Tara’s story www.cheryl-wright.com/Tara .  People from as far away as Canada are helping. Perhaps you would like to help too.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Communication Disorders

Every section of the community wanted something from the recent Federal budget and no group is more worthy that people with disabilities. While this section hasn’t been ignored, funding is still much less than people hoped. One of the groups that rarely wins, is the group of people with language disorders. The report I heard said that in the UK and the US, a great deal is done to help people with language disorders while almost nothing is done in Australia.

Communication is a vital ability yet children with a disorder may wait years for any diagnosis and  help. People with primary language disorder may be

  •  highly intelligent.

  •  understand what others say 

  • be unable to communicate their thoughts in a way that is understandable.

Children with this type of delay need speech therapy, and other kinds of intervention every day if they are to have the chance of a normal life. Waiting years for help just isn’t good enough. Without communication skills, social and emotional development is badly affected. An adult who cannot communicate effectively, has almost no chance of employment so the economic situation to the community as a whole is affected.

Children with this type of delay need speech therapy, and other kinds of intervention every day if they are to have the chance of a normal life. Waiting years for help just isn’t good enough. Without communication skills, social and emotional development is badly affected. An adult who cannot communicate effectively, has almost no chance of employment so the economic situation to the community as a whole is affected.

By two years of age, a toddler should be combining words in a way that is meaningful and understandable to others. If help is not available until age five, the problems are likely to persist through life.

These children

  • are not fitting into the general education system

  • miss out on making friends

  • are often teased or bullied

  • develop low self esteem

  • miss out on the chance for a bright future.

In Brisbane there is one school, Glenleighden School Fig Tree Pocket, where children can get the intensive therapy they need. Where is the help for other children? Come on Australia, catch up for all the children who need special help.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The song Room

ABC online has just begun a new initiative to bring specialist music teachers and programs to children everywhere in Australia. At the moment three out of four children in Government Primary schools have no music teacher. This new program will enable children to be involved in music, and their teachers will learn alongside them. Teacher support materials are sent out ahead of the programs. The range of programs includes singing, dancing, drama, instrument donation, school workshops, school holiday workshops, performances and community involvement. Studies have shown that children who learn music and participate regularly in creative arts, develop social, emotional and cognitive skills more readily than those who miss out on these opportunities. Perhaps your children’s schools have suitable music programs in place, if not refer your school to www.songroom.org.au to sign up the school. It sounds like an opportunity not to be missed.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Hand washing

Doctors and health people tell us that hand washing is one of the very best ways to prevent infections from spreading. When visiting someone in hospital one must wash hands before approaching the patient. Hand washing is the most important procedure for the medical staff too. It is essential that nurses and doctors wash hands between patients and between every procedure. In some hospitals there is an alcohol based substance to rub on the hands instead of soap and water. Often there is no staff present to remind visitors to wash, so be sure you do it.

Although some germs are more likely to come from hospitals, many more begin in the home and community. Therefore it is essential that we all learn to wash our hands and never neglect the procedure. Hepatitis has several forms and is a serious illness. The form of staphylococcus aureus know as MRSA is extremely difficult to cure and does not have to come from hospital. It can live on the skin and be passed from person to person.

We all think we know how to wash hands but do we really? I for one don’t usually wash for long enough. I am tying to reform myself. The guidelines say we should wash for at least 15 seconds. Here are some tips:

  • Use warm water
  • Liquid soap is best as bar soap may have germs on it
  • Lather hands well for 15–20 seconds
  • Lather wrists as well as backs of hands and between fingers.
  • Rinse well under running water and make sure all traces of soap are removed
  • Pat your hands dry using paper towels (or single-use cloth towels).
  • Dry your hands thoroughly
  • Hot air driers can be used
  • Each member of the family should dry in their own towel.

It isn’t always possible to wash in warm water. Cold water is better than none and a short wash is much better than no washing.

Remember that germs are everywhere. Not all germs are bad, but to prevent infections we need to be aware of the germy places we have touched before we prepare food. Some of the worst infections such as gastroenteritis and diarrhoea begin through eating food infected during handling.

Always wash hands after-

  • going to the toilet

  • changing a nappy

  • touching animals

  • blowing your nose or coughing

  • doing your hair

  • moving furniture

  • shopping

  • reading a book or paper

  • handling raw meat and before touching other food.

You will think of other times when you should wash.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Reading to Children

DON’T TELL ME ALL ABOUT IT – JUST READ IT! by Dr Virginia Lowe.

Thus my daughter complained at two as I picked up a new library book and started talking about the pictures.

Many people choose not to read the actual words of a book until the child is speaking themselves. Instead they play the labelling game, even up until age two.  “Look at the dog”, “Can you find the shoe?” “Where is that bird going?” This is good fun too of course, and the child is learning, and using their language ability, as the parents constantly increase the complexity of their questions in line with the child’s growing ability.

But think about actually reading the words as well. Babies won’t understand them, but nor do they understand the everyday talk around them. However they are learning new words constantly long before they can talk.

You may find that reading the words is more interesting than just talking about the pictures, and your child will too. One who is used to hearing the story rather than just playing the labelling game, will chase you around the house begging for another book, and listen to as many as you are prepared to read.

They are hearing new and extended language in unusual patterns. When you read aloud the words are more emphasised and clearer, the inflection more pronounced – literary language sounds quite different to ordinary conversation.  

Once the child does begin to talk, they can play with the language itself. The quotes or partial quotes from familiar stories extend their vocabulary and sentence structure, surprising you with turns of phrase outside your “family talk” – “Where are we going this nice fine day?”

Our daughter loved an unusual word – “fortnight”  “mackintosh” “camomile tea” “tippet” – she would say it, chant it, sing it, roll it around on her tongue.  It was the sound and the newness of the word she valued rather than its meaning, which she sometimes requested after days or weeks of playing with it. When stories are simplified by either parent or publisher this delight in language is sacrificed.

There will be an interest in language as such. Ralph at three: “What does ‘but’ mean?” When Rebecca was just four I joined in a game of preserving blueberries, pretending to bottle her little brother. Rebecca: "Ralph’s little boy. You can’t eat boys! Ralph’s a name. You can’t bottle names!”

Ultimately when they start to learn to read, the literary language is not foreign but familiar. They might or might not learn to read early. They will learn in their own time, nothing surer, if they have become addicted to story in its printed form. .  

While they are learning it is vitally important that you continue reading aloud. Remind them constantly why they are going through this difficult process – it’s not so they will get a good job as adults, but because stories are such fun that they desperate to read them themselves. Read them novels and series, and keep reading at least until they can read independently at their interest level.

You are giving them a gift – a lifelong passion for stories, and a fascination with words. 

                                                                              -----------------------

Virginia kept a record of her son and daughter’s reactions to books from birth to adolescence. Stories, Pictures and Realty: Two children tell is the record of this study up to age eight.

She has been helping people write for children for the last twelve years, through Create a Kids’ Book – workshops, writing e-courses, manuscript assessments and a monthly e-bulletin. www.createakidsbook.com.au

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

More stress

With the global financial crisis many families will experience high levels of stress. Here in Australia we are lucky at the moment because our economy is in good shape but employment has already fallen slightly and many people feel gloomy about the future. This feeling can lead to stress in the whole family.

  • Worried adults are less tolerant and children react to changes in the moods of their parents.

  • Grandparents who may have been planning to retire may now have to postpone that retirement.

  • Young people may worry about job security.

  • School leavers will have a harder time to find work and further study opportunities may be affected. 

Here are some tips:

  •  consider your present situation and talk about what may be necessary

  • no one wants children to go without but if the bread winner is retrenched changes will follow

  •  minimize stress by looking for the positive aspects in every day

  • keep laughter in your life especially with the children

  • show physically that you love one another – hugs, smiles and words of encouragement are free

  • recycle toys, clothes, books

  • walking is one of the best exercises. Choose a beautiful environment and push the little one there in the stroller. It beats the gym

  • buy fruit and vegetables in season, not the expensive ones

  • plant a vegetable garden with the kids, include strawberries that most children love so that you’ll be able to have treats

  • use fruit treats and muesli instead of lollies 

  • cut down on sugar and you’ll cut down on stressful feelings

  • keep to a good sleep routine so no one is overtired

  • organize your home - washing piled up, clutter everywhere, nothing in its place all leads to stress whereas a pleasant environment makes for more positive attitudes

  • sit down with the kids and make cards ands simple gifts for Christmas. Use recycled materials for this.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Children's Week

The week beginning 20th October was Children’s week in Australia. Many communities organise fun activities for children during this week and the media focuses on these activities at pre-schools, playgroups and schools. It is a good time to put long term plans into action too.

Helping children have healthy, happy, safe lives is vital and our government is aware of this. Before the elections there was emphasis on a new, better direction in education, more child care facilities, and paid maternity leave which seems at last to be within sight. With the economic squeeze, plans are being re-thought in many areas. I hope that children’s programs won’t be sidelined. The government has announced that the emergency intervention program in the Northern Territory, started by the previous government, will remain at for least another year. The decision was made because statistics from supermarkets shows that more fruit, vegetables and other healthy food has been purchased under the compulsory income management system. Let us hope that ongoing support will improve health and safety for children and all members of their families.

The pre-school years of life are the most important time for a child’s development and by helping parents and grandparents we are helping children. Affordable child care, parent education programs, early intervention, nutrition programs, and libraries are important government initiatives. Communities can do much too to make towns child friendly.  Young mothers are often isolated. Help can be given in many ways.

Has your community got

  • Volunteers to make home visits?

  • Playgroups with ideas for baby and toddler play?

  • Help with transport free ?

  • Social occasions so young parents can interact?

  • A toy library

  • Discussion groups where child care is available so a parent has some time to learn or follow an interest?

Here is a link to a site where you might get ideas on making your community more child friendly www.childfriendly.org.au

I have just been sent a link to a new Australian government website for families seeking early learning issues and initiatives. It is at  http://mychild.gov.au

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Children with disabilities

Some years ago I worked in an early intervention unit in a public school. Disabilities ranged from Down’s Syndrome to Autism, from Attention Deficit Disorder to non specific delay. Every child needed an individual program in order to help him /her reach potential. It was interesting work as I had no prior experience of teaching in such a unit, although I had worked with pre-schoolers at a centre where some of the same disabilities were present. Unlike in my former pre-school, there was close contact between staff and parents. Listening to parents was very important. From listening, one got a picture of the pressures in their lives, the emotional drain, and the amount of support needed. Some mothers felt swamped with the level of care they were giving to the disabled child, while still being required to relate to other children in the family. Some partners were very supportive but others escaped into the work force every day, and took little responsibility for the running of the family.

In both city and regional areas there is usually a long wait for child assessment or program development by professionals. In regional centres, professionals may not be available at all. G.Ps  are overworked and often think that parents are over-reacting to their child. If pressured they may prescribe medication without  proper diagnosis and without telling you of the short term and long term effects. It is widely recognized that children need help before five years of age. If you are worried about your child don’t delay and don’t give up.

  • Keep asking for and pressuring for help.  

  • If an intervention service is available, talk to the staff there about your concerns.

  • Look in the library for parenting books with information about disabilities

  • Search for articles on the web

  • Gather a network of friends and family who can help you.

  • Get some free time for yourself. It will be good for the whole family

  • Make sure that you areconsulted about any action prior to its implementation when your child goes to care of some kind

Help is available for most families. It is a matter of finding and accessing it.

 La Trobe university will write some special articles about autism in this e-zine. In November I put a late insert into the e-zine about the special study they are undertaking. Perhaps you don’t have a child to take part, or are too far away, but would like information about the study findings. If you are a teacher, this will be an excellent opportunity to learn more. You never know when you will require it. I am repeating their information here:

Relationships, social understanding and responsiveness in children with Autism

A new study is underway at the Child Development Unit at La Trobe University examining the way children with autism think about their relationships with caregivers, their ability to think from another person’s point of view, and their social and emotional responses to others in social situations.  Children who have been diagnosed with Autistic Disorder or Autism Spectrum Disorder aged between 8 to 12 years and who are high functioning with good verbal ability, along with one parent or caregiver, are invited to participate.

The testing will take place over two sessions at the Child Development Unit at La Trobe University. The results of the developmental assessment undertaken as part of the study will be available to parents free of charge. If you and your child would like to participate or if you wish to obtain further information about this research, please contact Dr Cheryl Dissanayake at the School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3083 (Tel: 03 9479 1162; email:  c.dissanayake@latrobe.edu.au), Ms Felicity Chandler (Tel: 03 9479 2151; email:  f.chandler@latrobe.edu.au) or Ms Amanda Newbigin (Tel: 03 9479 2151; email: a.newbigin@latrobe.edu.au).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Starting school

School has begun again and both kids and parents are settling into the new routine. It is often an anxious time especially for those just beginning school, as there are so many unknown factors. Just getting to school can be stressful. Does your child walk, travel on a bus, a train, or go by car? I’m sure you’ll have prepared your child well for this but follow up to see how it is going, especially if you are a working parent and cannot accompany your child to school and collect him/her at the end of the day. Pairing your child with an older one helps build confidence. Have you discussed what to do if something goes wrong? For example who should the child ask for help? Make sure your child knows where to wait for the transport home again and how to recognise the correct bus. Make the beginning of the day calm, not rushed. The night before you can

  • prepare clothes

  • pack bags make lunches

  • set the breakfast table

  • make sure your child gets enough sleep

Parents sometimes worry about whether their child is ready for school. The age of five doesn’t automatically mean a child is mature enough. Children who are shy and find difficulty in mixing with their peers may be better starting school later.

Here are some things a  school ready-child should be able to do:

  • dress himself

  • follow simple instructions

  • control a pencil and use scissors

  • climb, run and move confidently

  • enjoy being with other children

  • share and take turns

  • recognize his own belongings

  • be able to stay happily away from the family for some time.

Children beginning pre-school or Day Care may be very excited about the prospect but when they get there and see the crowd of unknown children their confidence may wilt. Orientation days usually minimize this as a parent can stay as long as necessary. Make sure your child has something familiar to take to the centre. Explain what time you’ll be back and be early or on time. Talk to a member of staff about your child’s day and encourage your little one to point out a friend and show you something at the centre.

We are lucky in Australia that in the early years the emphasis at school is on fun not on academic achievement. Children learn best when they are not pushed. You will be surprised what they learn in a play atmosphere. Play not pressure makes learning exciting

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

holiday dangers

January was not a good month concerning accidents and young children. Dogs were responsible for the death of one three year old girl and the severe mauling of her sister. Two other children were bitten by snakes, fortunately not fatally.

Children need to be continually reminded about the dangers dogs pose. Dogs can act unpredictably especially when not used to the noise and quick movements of children. Children should never be left alone with them. Snakes are around all year but are more likely to be out in hot weather. They are not easy to see and if you are going to the bush or living in a bush area, the children’s play area should be inspected each day.  A healthy respect for snakes should be taught to children from an early age, so that they know what to do if they see a one. Avoid frightening your child so much that he or she avoids the outdoors, however. All adults should know what to do in the event of snake bite.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Autism Project Article 1

Professor Sally Rogers introduces the Early Start Denver Model to Australia

Young children learn as much and as fast as they do because their experiences in the world are “scaffolded” by the important people in their lives.  Autism impedes this process. 

Children with autism

·  miss learning opportunities through watching
·  have difficulty learning from communications
·  have difficulty imitating others and miss opportunities to learn by copying
·  are not as flexible in their play skills and this limits their learning
·  may not find social experiences as inherently rewarding which can result in reduced time in interactions of all sorts

Since interactions are a primary learning opportunity for infants and toddlers, fewer interactions mean fewer learning opportunities. Early Intervention is vital to overcome these issues.

Sally Rogers is a Developmental Psychologist and a Professor of Psychiatry at the M.I.N.D Institute, University of California Davis where she specialises in conducting research into autism and other developmental disorders, especially involving very young children and their families. Professor Rogers is the principal investigator of one of the new NIMH/NICHD Autism Centers of Excellence network projects studying treatment of infants and toddlers with autism. (NIMH - National Institute of Mental Health NICHD - National Institute of Child Health and Development,  both USA bodies).

Autism Article 2

Dr Cheryl Dissanayake writes

Words can be powerful. Discriminatory language when referring to children with disabilities such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can be derogatory, depersonalising, stereotyping and risks emphasising the disability rather than the child.

Often children with Autism Spectrum Disorders are referred to collectively as autistics, autistic children, the disabled, the handicapped, the mentally retarded, etc. These terms are depersonalising. The following terms are generally preferred as they recognise that the disability is only one characteristic of the child or children:

    • child with autism
    • children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
    • students / employees with ASD

Focus on the child, not the disability. Put the child first and the disability second.

The use of imprecise terms such as 'challenged', 'differently abled', and other euphemisms are strongly discouraged.

The portrayal of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders as helpless, mindless, or suffering has led and continues to lead to discriminatory treatment.  People with Autism Spectrum Disorders, of all ages, should be portrayed in a positive manner.

Children with ASD have a variety of qualities. This does not mean that a child's ASD should be hidden, ignored or seen as irrelevant, but not be the focus.

Do not imply that children with ASD are to be pitied, feared or ignored, or that they are somehow heroic, courageous, patient or 'special'. Avoid using 'normal' or 'able-bodied' in contrast.

Never use the terms 'victim' or 'sufferer'. These terms emphasise powerlessness. These children only suffer if you make their disability a handicap.

Dr Cheryl Dissanayake Director & Associate Professor Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre

 http://www.latrobe.edu.au/otarc/rogersforum/index.html

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Autism Project Part 3

RAISING CHILDREN NETWORK LAUNCHES A SPECIAL WEBSITE FOR PARENTS OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH AUTISM
The Federal Government and the Raising Children Network launched a new national website for parents of young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) on 24 February 2009 - www.raisingchildren.net.au/autism

TheA Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre is pleased to have contributed to the content of this new website.

Intended to assist and support Australian families and professionals with parenting information, resources, and improve connections between families, professionals, and services, the site will deliver quality-assured Australian specific information.

One in every 160 Australian children has an Autism Spectrum Disorder.  The parents raising these children often report a lack of online information specific to the Australian local experience.

“We know from research that parents of a child with a disability actively use the internet to search for more information on their child’s condition but that until now there was a dearth of evidence-based information and very limited details of the resources and support available within Australia,” said the Raising Children Network’s spokesperson, Warren Cann of the Parenting Research Centre.

The three main features of this website are;

  1. Learning about Autism Spectrum Disorder – information to better understand the condition
  2. Parent Guide to Therapies – detailed descriptions of common therapies and interventions including reference to the evidence, safety and financial considerations
  3. Interactive Autism Service Pathfinder to help parents navigate the ASD service and support system in each State and Territory

Online discussion forums are also available for parents and professionals to share experiences and tips about raising children with ASD.

This event also marked the launch of MY NEIGHBOURHOOD. My Neighbourhood features detailed aerial maps and up to date local service and resources information for the whole country.   Now parents all over Australia can get a bird’s eye view of their family-friendly neighbourhood and participate by sharing information with fellow parents about playgrounds and other helpful destinations.  (There is a dedicated Autism section under Specialty Health.)

The ASD content being launched on the Raising Children Network website is the first wave of more ASD specific information and resources that will be added to the website over the next six months.

With over 11 million visitors since its launch in May 2006, the Raising Children website has established itself as the most reliable and helpful Australian online resource supporting parents of young children.  It is freely accessible with quality assured information based on the best available research and delivered in a range of user-friendly formats using state of the art communication and web technologies.

“The Raising Children website’s aim is to resource and support parents and to celebrate the diversity and abilities of all children.  Most of the information on the website is relevant to all parents but the purpose of the section dealing with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder is to provide their parents with relevant information on issues specific to their situation,” said Mr Cann. 

Dr Cheryl Dissanayake,

Director, Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Autism Project Part 4

A new Early Intervention learning centre  University

The Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre is delighted to be part of the new national Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centres program. La Trobe University has been chosen by the Federal Government as Victorian service provider under this new program.

In partnership with the Royal Children’s Hospital, the University will receive $4 million over four years to develop an Autism Specific Early Learning and Care Centre, which will be co-located with the Community Children’s Centre on La Trobe University’s campus at Bundoora. The Victorian government also contributed $500,000 towards construction costs. The funds will be used to add a new wing, The Margot Prior Wing, to the existing building.

Professor Prior, former Director of Psychology at the Royal Children's Hospital and Professor of Clinical Psychology at La Trobe University, is a leading specialist in family and child development. She is at the University of Melbourne and has an Adjunct Professorship at La Trobe. Professor Prior is also Chair of the Advisory Committee of the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre.

The Centre will begin operating in June 2010 and will be the first in the State to provide care and early intervention programs for children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as part of a regular child care facility. These 20 full-time places for children with an ASD will make a meaningful difference to the lives of children with ASD and their families, particularly in the North and West of Melbourne.

Plans for the La Trobe Centre were unveiled by Minister for Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Ms Jenny Macklin and Parliamentary Secretary for Disability and Children’s Services, Mr Bill Shorten.

Two other centres, one in NSW and one in SA, were also announced.

Minister Macklin said the new centres would draw together child care centres, universities and hospitals to develop best practice models of learning and intervention.

‘The collaborative approach gives us an unprecedented opportunity to develop evidence based models, collect significant data and make a major contribution to understanding autism,’ Ms Macklin said.

Read more at http://www.latrobe.edu.au/otarc/ASCCnews.html

Associate Professor Cheryl Dissanayake, Director of the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Autism Project Part 5

Early Days Workshops

In the March 2009 issue of Help For Parent E-zine I wrote about the new website specifically for parents of children with autism called the Raising Children Network developed by The Parenting Research Centre (PRC). Another initiative of the Australian Government is a four-year $12m national workshops program for families and carers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The PRC is working in partnership with key Autism research and service delivery organisations including the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre at La Trobe University to develop and implement this national strategy. Other partners in this project include RMIT, Monash, and Autism Victoria.

The Early Days Workshops will provide support and education for 2,500 carers of young children each year, focusing on the time of diagnosis, when families most need information about autism and how to tackle their child’s complex needs. The workshops will provide carers with the latest information and research on Autism and inform them on best practise in parenting a child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder. Information will also be provided about the scientific evidence basis of various interventions, and ideas and tools that can be used to choose which approach is right for each child and family.

The one-day workshops are to help parents and family carers find information and support for dealing with the daily practicalities of raising a child with an Autism Spectrum Disorder Families are in the best position to make decisions about supporting their children’s development, based on individual family circumstances. In the workshops and skills sessions, parents work together in small groups so they can also learn from each other, sharing ideas and experiences.

Because Early Days is fully funded by the Australian Government, the Early Days workshops are free to parents and family carers. In addition, each family who attends the introductory Early Days Workshop is eligible to receive a $100 support payment to help cover costs such as travel and childcare.

Early Days Skills Sessions will soon offer practical, hands on strategies for dealing with issues such as sleeping, behaviour, play, language and more. These sessions will be short and run in small groups, throughout Australia.

Early Days will also soon offer online workshops as webinars and online interactive programs providing a choice in how to access information in a way that best suits individual needs.

Parents and carers can express their interest in attending the workshops by submitting the form available on the website. They will first need to create a login with username and password - this will help access details about workshops. All information is confidential.

Associate Professor Cheryl Dissanayake,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Making sense of natural disasters

By Michael Grose  Reprinted with permission.

The Queensland floods and the Victorian bushfires continue to wreak incredible havoc on so many people’s lives and will no doubt leave an indelible imprint on our collective psyches. These two natural disasters will be brought into our living rooms via the media over the coming days and weeks.

As adults we all want our children to live carefree lives and keep them from the pain and even horror of tragedies such as natural disasters. In reality we can’t do this.

So what is a parent, teacher, or other caring adult to do when the natural disasters fills the airwaves and the consciousness of society? Here are some ideas:

  1. Reassure children that they are safe. The consistency of the images can be frightening for young children who don’t understand the notion of distance and have difficulty distinguishing between reality and fiction. Let them know that while this event is indeed happening it will not affect them directly. 

  2. Be available and 'askable'. Let kids know that it is okay to talk about the unpleasant events.  Listen to what they think and feel.  By listening, you can find out if they have misunderstandings, and you can learn more about the support that they need.  You do not need to explain more than they are ready to hear, but be willing to answer their questions.
  3. Help children process what they see and hear, particularly through television. Children are good   observers    but can be poor interpreters of events that are out of their level of understanding. Sit with them. Ask them questions to ascertain their understanding.
  4. Support children’s concerns for others. They may have genuine concerns for the suffering that will occur 
     and they may need an outlet for those concerns. It is heart-warming to see this empathy in children for the  concerns of others.
  5. Let them explore feelings beyond fear. Many children may feel sad or even angry with these events so let them express the full range of emotions. They may feel sadder for the loss of wildlife, than for loss of human life, which is impersonal for them.
  6. Help children and young people find a legitimate course of action if they wish. Action is a great antidote to stress and anxiety so finding simple ways to help, including donating some pocket money can assist kids to cope and teaches them to contribute.
  7. Avoid keeping the television on all the time. The visual nature of the media means that images are repeated over and over, which can be both distressing to some and desensitizing to others.
  8. Be aware of your own actions. Children will take their cues from you and if they see you focusing on it in an unhealthy way then they will focus on it too. Let them know that it is happening but it should not dominate their lives.
  9. Take action yourself. Children who know their parents, teachers, or other significant caregivers are working to make a difference feel hope.  They feel safer and more positive about the future.  So do something.  It will make you feel more hopeful, too.  And hope is one of the most valuable gifts we can give children and ourselves.

Children’s worlds can be affected in ways that we can’t even conceive of so adults need to be both sensitive to children’s needs and mindful of what they say and how they act in front of children.

In difficult times, it is worth remembering what adults and children need most are each other.

Michael Grose is one of Australia’s leading parenting educators. For more parenting information and resources visit www.parentingideas.com.au-

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Kids helping kids

The bush fires have taken the lives of children as well as adults in Victoria. It is heart-warming to hear how children elsewhere have reacted by sending toys to the hundreds of children who no longer have homes or toys. They have also sent money and books to help schools that have been destroyed. Ideas for raising money and collecting items to send have come from the children themselves. They have not forgotten the hundreds of injured animals in need of food and medication. Modern children are sometimes described as selfish, overindulged and greedy. The present crisis has shown that our society can be very proud of the younger generation.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Multi-tasking

Every mother needs multi-tasking skills so that she can run a home and see to the needs of each person in the family. Most mothers are skilled at cooking while settling squabbles, running the children around and squeezing in an appointment, checking for emails while running the bath, etc. But can we overdo multi-tasking?  I’ve been reading about it. It can mean that we spread ourselves too thinly and nothing gets our undivided attention. It can also mean one task distracts us from another and we forget what we should be doing. We need to have a definite plan each day of what we need/want to achieve. You can do this by

  • making a simple list of things that should be done
  • prioritising the items on the list
  • managing your time
  • deciding how to delegate jobs
  • completing each task before going on to a new one
  • balancing the tasks done so there is variety in length of time required and type of skills needed for tasks.

When you make your list for the day, think of the best way to achieve each task. If it is shopping for example, where will you park the car? You need to avoid retracing steps, carrying heavy loads and being hampered by children.

When delegating jobs, set a time when they must be done because kids are experts at putting off things till you get annoyed.

Take time to teach the children how to do things so they won’t need your help e.g. how to make the bed.

Work out shortcuts for yourself and teach them to the kids too. When faced with really important tasks, keep focused. Keep on multi-tasking, but be efficient at it.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Cosmetics for toddlers.

There is a growing trend to sell beauty care products such as bubble bath, lipstick and perfume for use by girls aged two and three. Be cautious as they are highly perfumed and may cause allergies. Such young children haven't good hand control and lipstick will be put all around the mouth not just on the lips. Perfume may be used in excess too.
Another danger is eye makeup. Just applying makeup near the eyes presents a danger of the brush or eyeliner going into the eye especially if the children are applying it to one another. There is also the danger of infection when children share makeup tools. Check the ingredients carefully as some makeup contains lead and children are especially at risk of lead poisoning.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Angry parents; Angry kids.

It is easy to become an angry parent as so many aspects of parenting are stressful and frustrating. Parents get no set hours off from their parental duties each day. Day after day and year after year they deal with feeding problems, health issues, sibling rivalry, tantrums, school difficulties, financial pressures, and countless other matters. Getting angry is natural when we are tired and very busy, especially when several things go wrong at a time. Adults tend to become more angry if their children show anger. It can become a spiralling emotion. Many adults find it hard to accept that their children feel angry and want to express that feeling.

Children learn their behaviours from their parents and other caring adults. What kind of coping behaviour are you modelling to your kids? When you are angry do you shout, swear, hit out, threaten, and break things or do you control yourself? If you can keep calm but firm about the limits that you have set for the child, it will be easier to calm the children involved. To control anger there are several things parents can do.

  1. Set realistic limits for your children e.g. Instead of saying ‘keep your room tidy,’ set a definite rule such as all play things must go into the storage places before evening dinner.
  2. Set appropriate consequences for broken rules e.g. children who whinge while shopping, miss out on treats.
  3. Talk to the children, explain, negotiate, apologise if necessary for your outburst of anger.
  4. Remember that a trouble shared is a trouble halved and regularly talk to an understanding friend. This friend must be one who doesn’t find fault or criticise you but is supportive. Just telling someone about the problems will ease the frustration. Such a friend is probably someone whose children are about the same age as yours.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Pretend Play in Autism

A study into pretend play in autism is currently being conducted within the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (OTARC) at La Trobe University. Parents are invited to participate with their child.

What is ‘pretend play?’

Pretend play typically emerges between 15 to 18 months of age and is most prevalent during the late preschool years. Pretend play can be exhibited in several forms. These include- making an object stand for something else (e.g., using a banana as a telephone), attributing absent or false properties to something (e.g., pretending that doll’s face is dirty), and imagining that something is there when it is not (e.g., singing into a pretend microphone).   

Why study pretend play?

Pretend play serves several functions for the developing child, with critical links suggested between the development of pretend play and cognitive ability, and pretend play and language.

A lack of pretend play is generally reported among children with autism and this absence of play is one of the diagnostic criteria for an Autism Spectrum Disorder. Given the developmental role of pretend play in the typically developing child, understanding the symbolic play abilities associated with autism is particularly important.  For example, it can be useful for informing the development of play-based, and other, interventions.  

What does the study involve?

Parents are asked to bring their child to the OTARC for a single 2-hour session. Whilst parents complete a brief questionnaire, the child will be administered a brief developmental assessment and will participate in some play tasks with the researcher.  

What are the benefits of participating?

Participating in the study gives your child an opportunity to practice positive social engagement with a play partner. The session is a fun and enjoyable experience for the child.

Following participation, parents are given valuable feedback on their child’s performance on the developmental assessment, free of charge. A summary of the results of the study will also be made available to you. 

Who can participate?

Children aged 4 years 0 months to 7 years 3 months, who:

§        Have a diagnosis of high-functioning autism, or

§        Are typically developing

 If you have any questions about the research or are interested in participating with your child, please contact-

Ms. Jessica Mifsud                                           Associate Professor Cheryl Dissanayake        Doctor of Clinical Psychology Candidate                                          Director; Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre Ph: 9479 3271       Ph: 9479 1162                          j.mifsud@latrobe.edu.au    c.dissanayake@latrobe

_________________________________________________________________________________________

Gender differences in autism

Given that only one in four children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is female,  knowledge about ASDs stems predominantly from males. Researchers at the Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre (OTARC) are proposing the first longitudinal investigation of gender differences in ASD from infancy. The study will determine how ASDs manifest in girls and whether girls and boys with an ASD differ in their development, behaviour and biological characteristics (physical growth patterns and genetic markers). The results will contribute to improved identification of ASD in girls, more appropriate interventions, and a better understanding of the underlying causes of ASDs in males and females.

This  study addresses a recent (2008) call by the US-based Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee  to conduct research into ASDs in females as a priority.

Autism Spectrum Disorders are a group of Pervasive Developmental Disorders characterised by impairments in social interaction and verbal and non-verbal communication, and a restricted repertoire of activities and interests combined with repetitive and stereoptypic behaviours.

The overall objective of the study is to understand how Autism Spectrum Disorders manifests in girls. The small number of girls affected  has meant that few investigations  have focused on  the behaviour and development of girls with an ASD, and relatively little is known about gender differences in ASDs.  

Our understanding of how ASDs affect the development and behaviour of girls and whether the course of ASD is similar or different in girls and boys is limited at best, and confounded by age factors and diagnostic criteria. The only reasonably consistent finding is that girls seem to be more impaired than boys in cognitive function and IQ, but this may only be evident beyond toddlerhood. To date, no studies have focussed on direct observations of behaviour, which is needed to detect more subtle differences between males and females with an ASD.

It is likely that socio-cultural factors (e.g., caregiver expectations and socialization of boys versus girls) play a role, and much of the data are based on caregiver reports and recollections. Only a longitudinal study, taking a developmental perspective from infancy can  inform us about whether any gender differences are associated with ASD or other socio-cultural factors.

Like all good research this study builds on the findings from previous studies. However, as described above, it is ground breaking given its comprehensive approach to understanding autism in females from early on in development.

Associate Professor Cheryl Dissanayake

Director, Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre

___________________________________________________________________________________________

Sleep Difficulties in Young Children -Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University

Children’s sleep patterns and needs change and develop from birth through childhood. Most obvious are the consolidation of infant sleep into a longer night sleep with daytime naps, the gradual disappearance of daytime naps in toddlers and pre-schoolers, and shortening of night sleep from infancy through childhood.  Sleep problems are common in toddlers and pre-schoolers; up to 50% of parents may report that their young child has a sleep difficulty.  Sleep problems can be more frequent in children with developmental delay, autism, ADHD or chronic illnesses like asthma. 

Usually parents report that their young child has problems with settling to sleep, co-sleeping and/or night waking.  Bed-wetting can also cause sleep disruption.  Sleep problems can be associated with a range of daytime behaviour difficulties in children.  Mothers of children with sleep difficulties often report poor sleep quality, sleepiness and poor psychological well-being. 

While sleep improves in most young children, sleep problems can be long-lasting, especially in children with developmental delays. Causes of children’s sleep problems may be complex but settling, night waking and co-sleeping often have a behavioural basis. Thus child behaviour, parenting practices, family routines or the bedtime environment may contribute to sleep difficulties.  In all children a regular bedtime routine, with quiet activities prior to bed is important for good sleep.  Behaviour interventions are well-supported treatments for these common sleep problems; a health professional with experience working with young children can assist parents with this.  If you are concerned about your child’s sleep it is best to consult your family doctor.

Amanda Richdale, PhD, MAPS

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ages and Stages-Social attention and communication markers of Autism Spectrum Disorders in infancy and toddlerhood

The healthy development of social attention and communication behaviours is vital for social-wellbeing. If these behaviours are absent or not developing typically, then a child may be at risk of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)Children with ASDs can find it very difficult to interact and communicate with others socially, but early intervention can help these children to develop to their fullest potential. It is therefore vital that parents or caregivers act quickly when they recognise that something may be wrong with a child’s development. So what are the early markers for ASDs in infants and toddlers? Regular and consistent eye contact with others is an extremely important marker in the first and second year of life, and if a child is avoiding eye contact, or not looking at people in a consistent manner, then other behaviours must also be monitored. These are an absence of pointing at objects or events, such as at a dog or a plane, looking to where someone is looking or pointing, using gestures such as waving hello and goodbye, responding to people when they call their name by looking toward them, and copying others, such as making a toy frog jump up and down.  At 18- and 24-moths of age, it is important to look for whether a child is showing things to other people, with eye contact. So does the child come over and show you a toy while looking at you, just to “share” this with you? This is different to bringing a book to be read or box to be opened, as this is a “requesting” behaviour. And if a child is not “pretending” during their play at 18- to 24-months, for example, by pretending to feed a teddy, make it walk, or giving it a drink, then this is also a risk marker for an ASD. If any or all of these behaviours are absent or not done frequently or consistently, then it is important to speak to your Maternal and Child Health nurse or health care professional about your concerns.

By Josephine Barbaro

Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Children visiting clubs

There is a growing trend for Service and gambling Clubs to provide facilities for children.  Although the equipment, games and music are separate from the area where adults play poker machines and drink alcohol, there is concern in sectors of the community, that children will assume that gambling is desirable. Many clubs provide free food for children – a definite incentive for parents to take their children along. Playing the poker machines deprives families of millions of dollars in Australia each year and surveys show that the number of problem gamblers is increasing. We know the importance of providing children with positive role models. They learn in particular from behaviour within the family, so it is very likely that children who know that their parents gain enjoyment from playing the pokies, will look forward to becoming poker machine players themselves. 

A child taken to the beach and not permitted to get in the water, longs to paddle. A child who sees the poker machines and bar, just beyond reach, will be keen to try this form of entertainment. Do we need to encourage gambling?  Think carefully before making your children part of the Club scene.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Listening to Elders

I heard an interesting comment this week about young people today compared with the young in the past. My informant said that in the past up to 1990, young people listened to their elders, especially grandparents. Now it is the grandparents who listen to the young. The comment surprised me at first but I think it is essentially true and technology has a lot to do with it. Older people rely on children to do computer tasks for them. It isn’t only computers but mobile phones, TVs, DVDs, photo processing machines, Ipods, photocopying and fax machines and many other items that are instrumental to life in the age of technology. Banks and shops are continually installing new and more complicated machines in their premises and older people need help to master the skills to use these. The skills seem to come easily to children but how would they have coped with life 50 years ago? How much do they know about the generations past?

As a grandparent myself I try to look at life both through the eyes of my grandchildren and through those of my contemporaries. As a child my pastimes were reading, skipping, ball games, walking, talking and when younger, playing with dolls. My children did much the same things but had access to more construction sets and TV was making an impact. They loved to listen to their grandparents and to watch and help them in their activities. My older grandchildren have very busy lives including school, music, and team sports. Lots of their leisure and social time is spent on computer and mobile phones. I almost have to make an appointment to see them and I’m sure this is not unusual in families today. Will these young people know much about their grandparents to pass on down the generations when they are themselves grandparents?

It is as we grow older that we want to know about the past. It is time to think about how we will preserve the past for today’s youngsters. They are not interested yet, but by the time they do want to know about their families, it might be too late to find out. It is certainly a young person’s world now but think about what you can do to preserve the past for them and take some action now.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Good schools

There has been a big debate over the Australian government’s decision to publish data that will compare schools with each other according to the results of the national literacy and numeracy tests. It is certainly true that schools are not only important for literacy and numeracy and this data will give a one sided view of performance. Subjects like music, drama, literature, art, science, physical education are not being tested. However, numbers of parents want to know how their school compares with others so that they can make a decision about where to send their children. On the other hand, most parents don’t have a choice about the school because they must attend THE local school or the one closest to home. For parents in this situation, comparing schools is likely to have an adverse affect. From the comparisons, ranks can be made that will list schools from best to worst. Schools in disadvantaged city suburbs and rural and remote areas, cannot hope to compete with schools that have unlimited resources.

Teachers are strongly against the government decision. They see it as undermining their positions. Naming a school as disadvantaged will only stigmatise it, the teachers and the students unless action is taken. It generally takes many years before government action improves school resources and education opportunities. What is seen as local school failure has a good chance of turning into a blaming exercise in which there will be few winners. 

National numeracy and literacy is tested on multiple choice tests. Such tests are not a good indication of qality teaching or of understanding. In both the US and the UK where comparative statistics are given, there is no demonstrable proof of advantage. Disadvantaged schools have stayed that way. The My School site will be up by the beginning of February a www.myschool.edu.au There will be lots of interest in it.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Violence

There has recently been a sad case in which a twelve year old boy was fatally stabbed by a thirteen year old while at school. It has sparked many discussions about violence. Recent studies have shown that schools have to deal regularly with cases of violence. In Victoria a study of 4,000 kids over two years showed higher rates of violence there, than in Washington, US. A different study of year 8 and 9 students in Australia, showed links between parents who condoned violence, and who engaged in a punitive style of parenting, and the behaviour of their kids at school. Many acts of violence begin with bullying. Bullying persists despite the mandatory anti-bullying programs in schools. Physical bullying is most common between boys, while girls engage in emotional bullying and cyber bullying is increasing at an alarming rate. ( Sydney Morning Herald 17/2/10)

It is necessary to talk to your children about violent events in the community and the world, so that you can discuss ways of solving conflict in acceptable ways. Talking through such events is also necessary to help children feel safe in their school and home environments. Not only was there the school violence reported above, but soon after, a case in which an eight year old was abducted from her home and murdered early in the morning. The community is one known for its safety. Fear builds until the guilty person is found.

It is difficult to get the balance right between stressing safety aspects and making our children fearful; between supervising their activities and giving them independence; between caution and over-protection; between making your home secure and turning it into a fortress. We need to be always vigilant and begin talking about all aspects of life with our children from an early age.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Adult role models

Kids who are in the news are often ones who have behaved badly, for example last month I wrote about some who had been cruel to animals. Kids who behave well, or have done something outstanding are not so likely to make headlines. Kids are impressionable and often model themselves on sporting or celebrity figures. Adults realise that when these well-known people behave badly, they are not good role models for our kids. Parents are the most important role models and sometimes we slip up. On the TV lately I’ve seen and heard a lot of adults, some with children beside them, speaking and acting in a way that is a poor example to children. These people were at public meetings about the release of draft plans for the re-allocation of water in the Murray/Darling river systems. I realise why people were upset but that is no excuse to shout and screech abuse each other. Another group was equally angry that a vulnerable group of Asylum seekers are to be housed in unused army homes in their town.

This behaviour isn’t confined to our society but is growing world wide. This same week there were pictures of violent clashes in France because the pension age is to be raised.  I heard on radio about the growing antagonism towards immigrants and Gypsies in Germany, Belgium and Hungary. In the middle east children and youths are constantly clashing in violent acts. In the US intolerance of groups seen as different, is increasing.

In contrast to this violent intolerant behaviour, I saw different behaviour another night on TV. It involved a group of adults who were talking to school children about an organization called Together for Humanity. This group is comprised of people of different races and religion who hold diverse views on many topics. They talk at schools and answer questions about how they resolve their personal differences so they can be friends and live in harmony. In fact 50,000 children have been involved in this humanitarian approach to problem solving.

I think it is fear that makes people act and speak in an intolerant, abusive  way. Let’s try to resolve differences without violence or bitter argument. We need to listen to others, not just to those with the same point of view as our own. There are many different views and many ways to solve problems.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Copyright 2010

 

 

 

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

 

 

 

 

Copyright 2009

 

 

 

 

 
HOME
E-ZINE

ARTICLES 1